编者按：“中国非物质文化遗产保护中心”微信公众号将在以往译介工作基础上，继续开展对联合国教科文组织相关非遗名录项目内容的翻译介绍，每期更新两个项目。本专题项目简介译文仅供广大读者参考使用，不妥之处，欢迎留言指正。

译介项目十七

踏索戏，传统走绳索表演

Jultagi, tightrope walking

图1 踏索戏，传统走绳索表演

　　项目基本信息

　　入选年份：2011

　　申报国家：大韩民国

　　名录名册类型：人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录

图2 踏索戏，传统走绳索表演

　　英文简介

Tightrope walking is a widespread form of entertainment that in most countries focuses purely on acrobatic skill. The traditional Korean performing art of Jultagi is distinctive in that it is accompanied by music and witty dialogue between the tightrope walker and an earthbound clown. Jultagi is performed outside. The tightrope walker executes a variety of acrobatic feats on the rope, along with jokes, mimicry, songs and dance, while a clown engages the tightrope walker in joking banter, and a team of musicians plays music to accompany the entertainment. The tightrope walker starts with simpler feats, gradually moving to more difficult acrobatics, displaying some forty different rope techniques in a performance that can last several hours. Today, tightrope walking performers are frequently invited to local festivals that take place throughout the country, particularly in spring and autumn. Currently, transmission of tightrope walking in Korea is centred on the Jultagi Safeguarding Association in Gyeonggi Province. There are two types of training: apprenticeship education where masters educate practitioners and take on students, and public education which takes various forms such as school training, experience classes and summer camps.

图3 踏索戏，传统走绳索表演

　　中文简介

走绳索是一种广泛存在的娱乐形式，大多数国家单纯关注其杂技技巧。韩国传统踏索戏表演艺术独具特色，与众不同，因为其表演过程伴有音乐，以及踏索人与地面上丑角之间的诙谐对话。踏索戏表演在户外进行。踏索人在绳索上一边表演各种杂技，一边说笑、模仿、歌唱和舞蹈。当地面上的丑角与踏索人戏谑玩笑时，有乐师专门负责伴奏以烘托气氛。踏索人从简单的特技开始，逐渐转向难度更大的杂技，在长达数小时的表演中能展示大约40种不同的踏索技巧。如今，踏索表演者经常受邀参加韩国各地举行的地方节日，尤其是在春季和秋季。目前，韩国踏索戏的传承主要集中在京畿道的踏索戏保护协会。培训有两种类型：一种是学徒教育，即大师教授从艺者，并以学徒方式接收学生；另一种是公共教育，即采取各种形式传授技艺，如学校培训、体验班和夏令营。

译介项目十八

鲁汶同龄会仪式活动

Leuven age set ritual repertoire

图4 鲁汶同龄会仪式活动

　　项目基本信息

　　入选年份：2011

　　申报国家：比利时王国

　　名录名册类型：人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录

图5 鲁汶同龄会仪式活动

　　英文简介

The Leuven age set ritual repertoire is a rite of passage in a man’s life centring on the ten years leading up to his fiftieth birthday. For men living in or around Leuven, Belgium, a journey of socio-cultural and philanthropic activities and ceremonies commences at the age of forty with the forming of an age set and culminates at the age of fifty on Abraham Day, with a celebration in the city’s central park around the statue of the prophet Abraham. Each age set chooses its own medal, flag and uniform, and is fostered by a ‘godfather’, who belongs to an age set formed ten years before. The members celebrate and embrace life throughout the decade and beyond. An age set only disappears when its last member passes away. The age sets are characterized by intergenerational values of openness, friendship, solidarity and commitment to their age set and to the city. Differences of descent, rank or social status are of no importance, neither are political, philosophical or religious convictions. The only conditions for participation are to be a man and to be born in the same year. Women however increasingly take part as godmothers and supporters. The ritual stimulates identity and a sense of continuity for both the city and the members, and has become a strong part of Leuven’s urban culture. Today, fifty-four age sets exist.

图6 鲁汶同龄会仪式活动

　　中文简介

比利时鲁汶同龄会仪式活动是男性生命历程中的重要仪式，主要集中在五十岁生日到来前的这十年。对于生活在比利时鲁汶或附近地区的男性来说，在40岁时组建同龄会，从此开启一段充满各种社会文化活动、慈善活动和典礼的旅程，并在50岁这年的亚伯拉罕纪念日时达到顶峰。当天，人们会在城市中央公园围绕先知亚伯拉罕的雕像举行庆祝活动。每个同龄会可以选择自己的徽章、旗帜和制服，并由教父带领，教父来自十年前成立的同龄会。成员们庆祝并拥抱这十年及日后的生活。只有当最后一位成员离世，同龄会才不复存在。同龄会秉承世代共有的价值观，即开放、友谊、团结，以及对同龄会和城市的承诺。血统、阶层、社会地位以及政治、哲学、宗教信仰都无足轻重，男性、同一年生人是入会的唯一条件。然而，越来越多的女性成为教母和支持者。该仪式激发了城市和同龄会成员们的身份认同感和持续感，成为鲁汶城市文化的重要组成部分。如今，鲁汶地区共有54个同龄会。